A recent international review has revealed a significant link between air pollution and increased frailty among middle-aged and older adults. The study, encompassing data from 11 countries—including the UK, China, Sweden, South Africa, and Mexico—found that exposure to outdoor particle pollution heightened the risk of frailty, a condition associated with vulnerability, loss of independence, and higher healthcare costs.
In the UK, approximately 10–20% of frailty cases could be attributed to air pollution. Secondhand smoke emerged as the most detrimental environmental factor, elevating frailty risk by about 60%. Additionally, using solid fuels for cooking or heating was linked to increased frailty risk, though to a lesser extent than secondhand smoke.
The review also highlighted gender disparities, with some studies indicating that men might be more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution on frailty than women.
Experts emphasize that frailty is not an inevitable aspect of aging and can be delayed, prevented, or even reversed. Implementing policies to reduce air pollution, promote smoke-free environments, and encourage the use of clean household energy are crucial steps in mitigating the health impacts on aging populations.
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